A conscious person with diabetes is suspected of hypoglycemia. What is the recommended initial treatment?

• A. Do not give food; wait for symptoms to improve.
• B. Give water and rest.
• C. Give a fast-acting sugar source and monitor; recheck and call EMS if not improved.
• D. Administer insulin.

Answer: (C)

Treat suspected hypoglycemia in a conscious person with diabetes by giving a quick-acting carbohydrate to raise blood glucose quickly. The brain relies on glucose, and a rapid boost helps restore normal function and prevent worsening symptoms. Provide about 15 to 20 grams of fast-acting carbohydrate (for example, glucose tablets, 4 ounces of juice, regular soda, or a small amount of honey or candy) and have the person sit or rest safely while you monitor them. After about 15 minutes, recheck their symptoms or blood glucose. If it’s back to normal and symptoms have resolved, offer a small snack that includes longer-acting carbohydrates or protein to help maintain levels. If the glucose remains low or symptoms persist, or if you cannot safely treat the person, call EMS for further help. Do not administer insulin in this situation, as that would worsen the hypoglycemia. Water alone won’t raise blood glucose and isn’t the right treatment for hypoglycemia.